LifeSmarts - Heart attacks kill 3.3 million women in the world every year and many women die from other heart-related diseases. In the United States, nearly 290,000 women die from heart disease in 2013-or one in four women's deaths.
Meanwhile in Australia, a recent report found more than 31,000 women die of heart disease each year, far more than 12,000 women who die from the most prevalent types of cancer, such as breast cancer.
How about Indonesia? Ministry of Health data in 2013 estimates that more women diagnosed with doctors have coronary heart disease, heart failure, and stroke. This is more than men. Estimates are 1.22 million women compared to 1.07 million men.
Although more men than women are admitted to hospitals each year in Australia due to heart disease, the number that dies between the two sexes is the same. This is because heart disease is less recognizable among women than men as a result of its unusual symptoms and the fact that it is less likely for women to seek immediate medical help.
A new study in Australia also found that women from lower economies are 25 percent more likely to have a heart attack than men from the same socioeconomic background.
Over the years, the importance of women's heart health does not come to light. This is only beginning to emerge in the last decade. In 1997, only 30 percent of surveyed American women were aware that cardiovascular disease (including heart disease and stroke) was the leading cause of female death. Although there are various media campaigns on this, that figure rose only to 50 percent in 2009.
Symptoms are different
Both sex (sex) and gender should be considered when discussing heart disease in women. Although these two terms are often used interchangeably, there is an important difference between the two. Gender refers to the properties of organs, whereas gender determines socially determined roles, behaviors, and expectations.
It is only now that we begin to understand gender-based differences in women with cardiovascular disease, because for many years women have not been included in clinical trials. Factors that increase the risk of heart disease, as well as the ways the disease manifests, may differ between women and men.
Common risk factors in both sexes include high cholesterol, smoking, obesity, lack of physical activity. But diabetes due to pregnancy, premature delivery, high blood during pregnancy, and the effects of breast cancer treatment are typical factors that occur in women.
Having autoimmune problems can also increase the risk of heart disease. And because more women than men have autoimmune problems, this factor is more relevant for women.
Similarly, mental illnesses such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are more prevalent in women. Researchers are increasingly interested in the link between psychological factors and heart disease, especially in women.
The sooner a heart attack is treated after it occurs, the less likely the heart muscle is eroded and then the risk of death and disability is less likely. For both men and women, the most common symptom of heart disease is chest pain. But women may experience unusual symptoms such as shortness of breath, weakness, fatigue, and nausea. Women may also feel symptoms associated with the chest but in different places with men such as the neck, jaw, and back.
Unusual symptoms among women sometimes lead to a misdiagnosis of a heart attack. The reason of the different symptoms is heart disease among women has a pattern that does not hinder the coronary arteries (the vessels that provide blood to the heart)
Women are more often diagnosed at an older age
Heart failure occurs when the heart does not pump enough blood to the body and usually appears in the form of fatigue and difficulty breathing. Heart failure in women usually appears at older ages.
Women are also twice as likely as men to experience a type of heart failure known as "heart failure with preserved ejection fraction" or HFpEF. This condition is associated with higher mortality and reduced quality of life. Blood pressure t
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